SEPSIS: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT/PREVENTION PROCEDURES

Abstract

Current studies were performed to evaluate the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment/prevention procedures ofsepsis. Major causeof sepsis includesskin infection, urinary tract infection, dental or gums infection, respiratory illness, pneumonia (bacterial infection);blood stream infectionandan increase in antibiotic resistance.People with diabetes, kidney failureorunder treatment in intensive care unit (ICU)are easily infected. More than 60% sepsis prevails in adults aging greater than 65 years; children under age 5-12 are also at risk of infection. Thesymptoms of sepsis includeshivering, chill fever, pale clammy skin, difficulty in breathing andlow platelets count. Sepsis can lead to organ failure including lungs, kidney, heart and liver and death. Sepsis is diagnosed by X-rays, CT scan, blood pressure tests, respiratory secretion testing and testsof wound culture, urine and stool samples. It can be treated by using antibiotics, oxygen therapy,anti-infectious management, fluidresuscitation andvascular medication. Sepsis can be prevented bykeepingscraps and wounds clean andgettingvaccinationagainst potential infections andgood hygiene practices.