CARBON DIOXIDE GEOLOGIC SEQUESTRATION – A SAFE AND ECONOMICALLY EMERGING TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

Fossil fuel is main source of energy and responsible for one third of the total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Global energy demand has been raised significantly due to increase in population, rapid growth of economies, emerging technologies and industrial revolution. This increase shows no signs of slowing. Now, pressure has been raised on the developed nations to reduce the CO2 emissions because the consequences of global climate change are potentially severe. Atmospheric CO2 can be reduced by capturing emissions from power plants or chemical units and storing them into the underground rocks and aquifers. CO2 separation, appropriate site selection, transportation, secure storage and afterward monitoring are the core processes in sequestration technology. Economy is one of the biggest challenges for deploying this technology whereas captured CO2 can be utilized for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), Enhanced Coal Bed Methane Recovery (ECBM) and Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR) etc to overcome on this problem. Underground uncertainty related risk assessment and management can control the major considerations for CO2 sequestration technology.