ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION FROM NON-DIABETIC AND DIABETIC PATIENTS HAIRS, NAILS AND BLOOD USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM) AND ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY (EDS)

Abstract

There is mounting evidence that diabetes mellitus alters, how trace elements are broken down, and that these nutrients may be especially important in the onset and course of the condition. Comparing the locations of essential and trace elements was the aim of the current investigation. The typical levels of substances found in the human body include Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), Phosphorus (P), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), Sodium (Na), Oxygen (O), and Zinc (Zn). In biological samples (blood, nails, and scalp hair), individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 6) were compared to non-diabetic control subjects (n = 6), aged between 35 and 60 of both genders. The concentration of the elements was assessed through Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) in a Scanning Electron Microscope (S.E.M). The accuracy and precision were confirmed by the Critical point drying technique and by utilizing verified reference materials. The total recoveries of all components were observed to be (97.60-99.49) of verified values. The findings of this research indicated that the average levels of Ca, K, P, Mg, Mn, Na, O, and Zn were notably lower in blood, nails, and scalp hair samples of diabetic individuals when compared to control subjects of both sexes. These findings align with those obtained in other research indicating that lack and effectiveness of certain vital trace metals may contribute to the onset of diabetes mellitus. For the control of Diabetic Mellitus, I suggested different plants like Chicorium Intybus L., Eugenia Jambolina Lam/ Syzigium Cumini L., Citrus Decumana L. and Withania Coagulans Dunal.